Avaliação do potencial de geração e viabilidade econômica de usinas solares no Brasil

Abstract

In view of the continuous environmental concerns created by the use of fossil fuels, there is a need to promote solutions for energy use through sources of renewable origin, photovoltaic systems connected to the grid are an increasingly viable option for the production of clean electric energy in the Brazil, given the availability of the solar resource. The present monograph deals with the use of the solar photovoltaic resource, directed to distributed minigeration systems for the compensation of energy credits, applied to the commercial sector, evaluating the technical viability of the installation and its economic potential through the following figures of merit Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback. A 1.2 MWp system is proposed, scaled and simulated using the SAM (System Advisor Mo del) tool. The analysis was carried out for fourteen Brazilian cities taking into account the geographic and climatic variation, as well as the values in the electric energy in each place. Technically, all photovoltaic plants were shown to be feasible for implantation, generating sufficient energy to supply the stipulated energy demand. With emphasis on the electric power production of the cities located in the northeastern region of Brazil. When the economic viability was analyzed, although the pro jects presented different values for the NPV, the 14 pro jects were feasible considering only this index, but when analyzed the IRR, some pro jects were not attractive, presenting a rate lower than the minimum value attractive and it was possible to verify the influence of the variation of the value charged by the kWh of energy for each distributor, since the higher the value of the energy considered, the shorter the return time of the investment and the higher the results of NPV and I RR of pro jects.