Acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes no município de São Borja

Abstract

The present Course Completion Work (TCC) is an integral part of the graduation to obtain a Bachelor's Degree in Social Work. It is noteworthy that the aforementioned study had as a research problem the following question: What are the social processes that lead to the institutionalization of children and adolescents in the Municipality of São Borja? Starting from this research problem, it was built as a general objective: to analyze the social processes that lead to the institutional reception of children and adolescents, in order to contribute to the qualification of the social worker's work with families. Having as specific objectives: Identify the expressions of the social question that affect the process institutional reception of children and adolescents; To know the work developed by the social worker with the families of children and adolescents in an institutional reception situation and finally the third specific objective is to: Verify the strategies adopted by the institution of institutional reception in the network of protection to children and adolescents, seeking reintegration into the family of origin. It is emphasized in this way that the present study had as guiding questions to verify: which expressions of the social question experienced by children and adolescents in institutional reception; How does the work of the social worker with the families of children and adolescents in an institutional reception situation occur and, as the last guiding question, is to understand the strategies adopted by the host institution in conjunction with the institutionalized child and adolescent protection network before reintegration into the family of origin. This is a bibliographical and documentary research, with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative), developed from the access to twenty-five individual plans of care (PIA) at the Casa de Acolhida in the municipality of São Borja / RS, in the year 2017 to 2018. In the scope of the work, the document seeks to address the guidelines for the institutional reception of children and adolescents, such as: Technical Guidelines for Reception Services for Children and Adolescents (2009), National Promotion Plan, Protection and Defense of the Right of Children and Adolescents to Family and Community Coexistence (2006); and Law No. 12,010, of August 3, 2009, which provides for Adoption (2009). It was evident from this study that the social expressions that imply in the institutional reception of children and adolescents refer to neglect, family conflicts, physical and psychological violence, suspected sexual abuse and abandonment by parents or guardians. Thus, it is noted that families live in their daily situations of violations of rights and with this their children and adolescents are exposed to institutional reception. Just as the third specific objective is to discuss how professionals work in the reintegration of children and adolescents in an institutional reception situation to their family of origin. The method of study is based on the critical dialectical method that allows a better apprehension of reality, where four categories of the method are used: historicity, totality, contradiction and, finally, mediation. In relation to the results, this will be evidenced by the analysis of how the professional interventions are developed, in order to rescue the fragile bonds of the families with their respective children, as well as to bring the articulation with the protection network to and the adolescent in front of the demand of the institutional reception.