Avaliação da uniformidade de distribuição de água e eficiência de aplicação, em um sistema de irrigação por aspersão com diferentes combinações de espaçamento, bocal e turno

Abstract

Knowing how to properly manage the irrigation system is essential to achieve high productivity rates. In order to be efficient, it is necessary to present a high uniformity of distribution. The present study aimed to evaluate the uniformity and efficiency of water application of a conventional sprinkler irrigation system. The experiments were performed in two different periods (morning and afternoon), using three different spacings between lateral lines (6x12,12x12 and 12x18 m), with two different nozzle diameters and day periods. To determine the uniformity of distribution of the system, the coefficients of uniformity (CUC),(CUD), (CUE), (CUH), were analyzed. The system was triggered for the period of 120 minutes in the morning (7:30 a.m. to 9:30 p.m.) in the afternoon(4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m.). After the stipulated time for the evaluation, the collection of the volume collected by the rain gauges in the period of 120 minutes begins with the aid of ameasuring cylinder graduated in mm. After obtaining the data, they were submitted to analysis of the variance using the Test F and the comparison of the different means by the test of Tukey, to 5%of probability of error. The highest coefficients of uniformity occurred for the 6x12m spacing for both periods and nozzles, but did not differ significantly from the 12x12m spacing. For the stored slides, before and after irrigation, the largest occurred after irrigation with the 3 mm diameter nozzle in the 6x12m spacing in the most superficial layer (0 -10cm).