Análise das características de carcaças bovinas de diferentes propriedades rurais do município de Dom Pedrito -RS

Abstract

Brazil has the second largest cattle herd in the world, and also occupies an important place in the world market of bovine meat, with a production of 9,115 million tonnes in carcasses in 2010. The objective of this study to verify the possible associations between the characters evaluated by refrigerators and onlent to producers, through the romaneios, in cattle carcases. We used data from 390 animals, of which 97 were bullocks, 152 heifers and 141 cows, from four properties of the municipality of Dom Pedrito. The variables used for the analyzes were: net weight of carcase, category, maturity, finishing, conformation, racial group, bonus and ownership. The statistical analyzes were performed in R, being that when each characteristic was considered as a factor was made the analysis of variance (ANOVA) And when noted significant differences in the level of significance of 5 %, the averages were compared by Tukey's test. To estimate the association between the variables was used Pearson's correlation to the level of significance of 5 %. The factor race did not interfere with the majority of the variables, except weight and ownership. Steers although younger, in their majority, the heifers had heavier carcasses. The lower carcass weight at maturity was reached zero, however worth considering that although the other maturities weight below 81% of the animals had finish between 3 and 6 mm. The lack of carcasses with a desirable conformation on the slaughter line, could be resolved by means of a joint action between producers and genetic improvement programs, advocating the selection by conformation and muscularity.