O legado das fadas: um estudo sobre as transformações em contos maravilhosos, da tradição oral ao cinema de animação

Abstract

Fairy godmothers, Prince Charming, pure beauty princesses, wicked witches ... These characters, so present in the popular imagination, dating back to the ancient tradition of telling and listening to stories, a tradition pass from father to son, from grandmother to granddaughter, the most different cultures, the more distinct times, which crosses the entire line of human existence. They usually came after the phrase "Once upon a time" and end with "happily ever after", transporting us to a world that is not ours, but it has a lot of it. This broad collection of stories born in the oral tradition, arises what we call folklore, and it through a categorization process much more complicated than it seems, there are what we call fairy tales. Already goes long since erudite men gathered fairy tales in books for the first time, but it still possible to say that everyone has heard, or perhaps watched the story of the princess who bit a poisoned apple and slept to be until received a kiss of love; of the poor girl enslaved by her stepmother and stepsisters, who managed to go to the ball with the help of the fairy godmother and there lost her glass shoe; of the mermaid who falls in love with a prince of the land and gave her voice in exchange of a pair of legs to be close to him. The cinema, literature, theater and television are full of them. Our minds are full of them. However, these stories as we know them today, mostly quite popularized by the animated film signed by Walt Disney, with his first versions in times so far away from us, were possibly quite different in its genesis. This work aims to discuss the emergence and persistence of wonderful stories, fairy tales, seeking the most significant changes employed in the matter of these narratives. As analysis corpus, animated films will be compared "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (1937), "Cinderella" (1953) and "The Little Mermaid" (1989) as opposed to translations into Portuguese of its source-texts reported in the literature, respectively, by Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm, Charles Perrault and Hans Christian Andersen, finally seeking discuss, how mainly the processes of adaptation and childhood feeling influenced these changes.