Abuso sexual de crianças e adolescentes: em análise suas principais determinações

Abstract

The present study presents the sexual violence of children and adolescents as a topic of study, and in view of the scope of its theme, it is defined as the sexual abuse of children and adolescents. Its main objective is to identify the characteristics of sexual abuse of children and adolescents presented by Social Work in the field of scientific production, in order to qualify the understanding about this problem. The specific objectives aim to analyze how the scientific production of Social Service bases the analysis of sexual abuse of children and adolescents as a form of violence; To verify how the scientific production of Social Service articulates the debate on the sexual abuse of children and their relationship with the Social Question in its most varied expressions and to identify how the scientific productions of Social Service articulate the debate on the sexual abuse of children and Adolescents and their relationship with gender violence. The study sought to answer the following problem: how scientific productions within the scope of Social Service characterize the sexual abuse of children and adolescents, considering the period from 2005 to 2015 ?. In this way, the research was of the qualitative type based on the dialectical-critical method. As far as data collection techniques and instruments are concerned, a bibliographical research was carried out in 05 (five) Social Service journals, namely: Texts and Contexts; Katálysis; Social Service in Journal; Social Service and Society and Temporalis. For data collection, a guiding script was used. The work is structured in 04 (four) chapters, which address the main theoretical categories of the study: violence; Sexual violence; sexual abuse; social inequality; Social issue and gender. The fourth chapter presents the methodological path and finally the results of the research. Therefore, considering the proposed objectives, it was possible to identify that sexual abuse is based as a form of violence with different typologies, as it occurs both in the intrafamily and extrafamilial environments, with greater difficulty in solving the family's internal environment. Another characteristic of the occurrence of sexual abuse is that in the vast majority of cases the perpetrator is a male. It was also possible to identify that sexual abuse of children and adolescents is an expression of the Social Question, although not all the articles show such discussion, even because not all belong to the area of Social Work. It is also emphasized that although not all the articles show the discussion of the gender inequality, it is concluded that this one presents itself as a characteristic of the sexual abuse having its occurrence 9 in greater scale against children and adolescents women. Based on such reflections, it is concluded that there is a need to discuss sexual abuse of children and adolescents in different areas of knowledge, not only discussion, but also action. It is from the confrontation of such problematic that it will be possible to create initiatives that foment the emancipation of the subjects involved in this process. Sexual abuse of children and adolescents is a matter of public health and safety, and must be treated as such. Therefore, the creation of public policies and the investment in the qualification of professionals involved in this demand would be of fundamental importance to qualify the processes of coping with sexual abuse of children and adolescents.