Um estudo comportamental e bioquímico de estratégias para promoção da persistência das memórias de longa duração

Abstract

Persistence is the main characteristic of long-term memory (LTM). When consolidated the LTM may persist for hours, days or years, and the persistence will depend of different factors. Considering the importance of memory in individual's daily life, being responsible for personality construction and also for the maintenance of our actions, it is necessary and essential that some memories persist along the time. Therefore, it is important to investigate the mechanisms involved in this process, not only to understanding of its neurobiology, which is not entirely clear, but also to find strategies to maintain or improve memory over time. Thus, this study aimed to investigate different strategies for promoting LTM persistence. This thesis is composed of two main studies that pursued to investigate: (i) the effect of one-single physical exercise session, a non-pharmacological strategy, in the persistence of object recognition memory (OR) in rodents; and (ii) the effect of treatment with methylprednisolone (MP), a glucocorticoid drug, on persistence of aversive memory in rodents. In the first stage, we show that noradrenergic activation is required to the persistence of OR memory and that one-single exercise session after learning promotes OR memory persistence through noradrenergic hippocampal system activation. In the second stage, we demonstrated that a chronic treatment for 10 days with low MP dose promotes aversive memory persistence, promotes increased Ca2+ influx in hippocampal cell culture and facilitates LTP induction in the same structure. Based on the results obtained, we can conclude that physical exercise can be adopted as a behavioral strategy for promoting the persistence of LTM. In addition, the use of glucocorticoids 12 also has potential to be used as a pharmacologic strategy that improves memory. However its effect depends on the dose, and future studies are needed to better elucidate the mechanisms involved, as well as its side effects.