Panorama de hospitalizações e óbitos por esporotricose no Brasil no período de 1992 a 2022

Abstract

Sporotrichosis is a cosmopolitan subcutaneous mycosis caused by species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex, with global distribution. This disease has spread in the form of epidemic outbreaks in different regions of Brazil. The present study aimed to demonstrate the evolution of the panorama of hospitalizations and deaths from the disease in Brazil. An analysis was carried out of data made available by the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH-SUS), provided by DATASUS, tabulated by the General Coordination of Management of Health Information Systems (CGSI), from 1992 to 2022. During this period, 1666 hospitalizations and 90 deaths were recorded, with a predominance of males. The age group with the highest number of hospitalizations was 21 to 59 years old (50.42%), followed by 60 years old or more (28.87%), which had the highest number of deaths. Among the types of sporotrichosis, B42.9 Sporotrichosis NE (unspecified) came first in hospitalizations (n=394/1666) and in deaths, B42 Sporotrichosis (n=44/90). Hospitalizations occurred in all states, with the exception of Roraima. Of the 27 federative units, 19 deaths occurred, ahead of the state of Rio de Janeiro (n=25/90). Therefore, the epidemiological situation of sporotrichosis in Brazil is worrying, as there is a lack of information, logistics and education about this public health problem given the need to take measures to intervene in the spread of the disease.