Cartas ao Haiti e o desafio da gestão e da qualidade da educação no estado haitiano: o caso do Departamento Sul

Abstract

Haiti, like any other country, believes in quality education and sustainable development for society, and is building a state institution called the “Ministry of National Education and Vocational Training”, responsible for educating Haitian children, allowing them to integrate and serve the community in which they are called to evolve. Thus, the idea of this scientific work started from a particular reading linked to the relative internal and external performances or returns of the Haitian educational system over several decades, in the different executions and results of educational policies, which can allow an improvement in the quality of education for the country's sons and daughters, and at the same time investigates the influence of politics on the Haitian Educational Sector (SEH), according to the objectives sought for the people.Firstly, in the conceptualization of the research, we took a look at the history of Haiti and the chosen department, some of the most significant educational reforms and policies from 1979 to 2021, as well as the different decrees and laws based on education in Haiti. We did an exploratory reading on political cycles, different public policies and educational public policies, followed by a literature review of some national and international authors in the field of education. At the methodological level, we used the qualitative method, which is the case study, with the aim of studying phenomena in real situations or broadening knowledge of phenomena already investigated, thus approaching the general objective of our target research. We set up interviews with questionnaire forms, choosing six people to conduct our investigation. Due to the lack of availability of one of the people, the investigation was carried out with 5 people (the departmental director of education in the South, a school inspector, a school principal, a school teacher and a union leader in the field of education. The results of the research made it possible to highlight that the Haitian education sector over the last two decades, even though it is an economically fragile country, faced with the influences of politicians or political or economic people, has not been able to meet the needs of the Haitian people, This failure, according to the participants, is due, on the one hand, to the overflow of corruption (political, administrative and economic corruption) caused by the interference or incompetence of the leaders who have taken and are currently in power, both in the SEH and in all the country's other state institutions. On the other hand, the socio-political instabilities that the country has suffered in recent times, and which continue to increase on a daily basis, is from an alarmingly weak economy in the country, which has not provided SEH officials with the choice of remaining in line with international aid expectations.