Uma análise discursiva da argumentação de parlamentares - mulheres contra a violência política de gênero

Abstract

The present work, supported by the theoretical-methodological perspective of materialist Discourse Analysis (DA), aims to understand how argumentation works in the discourse of resistance of the subject-parliamentarian-woman in reaction to political gender violence, which is suffered in parliament during political debate. To this end, we chose as our object of analysis videos from the year 2023 showing female parliamentarians in discussions in the Chamber of Deputies. For this to be possible, some notions such as the constitution of the subject, ideology and the discourse of resistance were necessary. This research also addressed issues such as silencing, as well as subject positions and definitions of the body and gender. In order to understand how the discourses of this discursive subject, who assumes a rhetoric of resistance in the face of the rhetoric of oppression according to Orlandi's (2007) terminology, are formulated, we observed what strategies are used in the composition of their discourses in the political debate, taking into account the conditions of production of these discourses, as well as the effects of meaning produced by them. From the analysis, we understand that the oppressive discursive formation has a strong attempt and a clear objective to silence the women parliamentarians, to silence the meanings produced by their speeches of resistance. During the analysis, we also observed that during the formulation of their speeches, the parliamentarians try to fight back against the authoritarian and oppressive discourse by using the language of parliament and parliamentary jargon, but they are reprimanded, harassed, silenced and offended, and often end up having to use strategies similar to those of the authoritarian discourse in order to be heard. Therefore, we conclude that the subject-parliamentarian-woman's discourse of resistance does not follow a pattern, as they are not always discourses composed of well-founded arguments, using only the parliamentary house rules as a basis, but can also be composed of shouting, cursing, irony and offense.