Contribuições da robótica educacional para o ensino de funções do primeiro grau

Abstract

This work presents the research developed in 2023 as an integral part of an extension project promoted by the Federal University of Pampa - Itaqui campus. The initiative adopted the format of a workshop, called “Robomath”, focusing on the use of educational robotics and problem solving for teaching primary school functions. The objective of the study was to investigate the variants that emerge from a teaching sequence using educational robotics to teach 1st grade polynomial functions. This research, characterized as qualitative of the Action Research type, employed the use of Problem Solving as a Teaching and Research Methodology together with Error Analysis to analyze the collected data. To collect information, instruments such as collecting activity records, class observation, conversation circles and online questionnaires were used, which made up a portfolio folder. There are several and distinct variants found in this robotics environment. It is possible to identify enormous potential in the use of Educational Robotics, both in the area of research and teaching, as combined with problem solving it allows the construction of different practical and stimulating situations for students to get involved in, it is an interesting motivational resource, but it goes further, enabling different possibilities for building strategies and applicability of mathematics through robotics teaching. In fact, there are many weaknesses to be overcome so that it can be implemented in the classroom. The school needs to be better organized structurally and curricularly for the development of more active activities, as with the curriculum tied to fixed schedules in certain subjects, more active work is hampered. Teachers' lack of familiarity with the use of robotics and programming is also a limiting factor. Although Mega robotics kits are a good starting point, their limitations highlight the need to expand the set of robotics tools available, allowing diverse content to be approached in a more comprehensive way.