Avaliação de componentes de rendimento de linhagens mutantes de arroz irrigado

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most cultivated cereal crops in the world, standing out mainly in countries in Asia and South America. Therefore, knowing the importance of rice growing on the world stage and the work of plant genetic improvement in the search for increased productivity and quality in the rice crop, the present work aimed to evaluate the yield components of mutant irrigated rice lines, aiming to characterize and select new promising genetic constitutions. The experiment was carried out in the 2021/2022 harvest in an experimental area belonging to Unipampa - Campus Itaqui. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with four replications, with dimensions of 2 x 11 m. Each mutant strain was considered an experimental unit, spaced 0.17 m apart. Nineteen mutant rice lines obtained through selections carried out since 2018 by the Research Group on Plant Improvement (GPMV) at Unipampa - Campus Itaqui were tested. Mutant populations were obtained by inducing a mutation in seeds of the cultivar IRGA 409 to the chemical mutagen sodium azide. Panicle length, number of fertile grains, number of sterile grains, thousand-grain weight and milling yield were evaluated. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance using the SISVAR software (System of Analysis of Variance), and the averages were compared using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. With the present study, it was possible to verify that the induced mutation generated genetic variability. According to strains 3, 5, 6, 7 and 15, it appears that there is an increase in relation to the yield components studied compared to the control. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the yield components evaluated in the study can be used in the characterization of the genetic variability of these strains in later works in more stable environmental conditions of temperature and rainfall.