Iraque em crise: o modelo de política externa estadunidense como fator principal na deterioração do Estado (1990-2003)

Abstract

This paper analyzes the relevance of US foreign policy in the Iraqi state in the period between 1990 and 2003 - given the most emphatic performances in the Second Gulf War (1991) and the Global War on Terror (2003). It also seeks to understand whether the US strategy would be configured in a continuous action that generated the crisis of the Iraqi state machine. To address the historical intersection of these two countries, at first, the work deals with the historical development of Iraq and its establishment as a state after the fragmentation of the Ottoman Empire. Then, it focuses on the growing US presence in the international scenario and the use of its values in its foreign policy in order to reflect their interests in the Middle East and, consequently, in Iraq. Thus, it makes it possible to understand if the US actions in Iraq confirmed deterioration between 1990 and 2003. As support, it uses securitization theory concerning issues, since from it securitization processes can be understood as supporters for exceptional measures that overflow the arena of traditional politics. Finally, it tries to elucidate whether US interests corroborated in actions that contributed to the deterioration of the Iraqi state.