Elaboração e avaliação de um biodigestor para uso residencial urbano

Abstract

Daily the population produces tons of organic waste and a large part of this volume is incorrectly discarded in nature, triggering several environmental problems. Thinking about looking for ways to reduce a portion of the garbage discarded incorrectly, the proposal of this work is to seek to make use of this material to generate energy through the anaerobic production of biogas using a biodigester designed to meet the waste generation of a residence with three residents. The waste generated will be the only raw material used as biomass, to be converted into biogas, and later be used as a substitute for LPG and thus increase the purchasing power of Brazilian families. The process of converting biomass into biogas is carried out inside a biodigester carried out by different groups of bacteria following the process premises for maximum yield such as: nutrient characteristics, C/N ratio, temperature, pH, residence time in the biodigester. The biodigester was designed to be made from recyclable or low-cost items, allowing anyone to produce a biodigester for their home. For this work, the equipment had a weighted cost (initial value of R$ 553.40) considering the value of a minimum wage. During the evaluation process, 22.82 kg of organic waste was used, allowing for a production average of 0.22 liters of biogas per day for an ambient temperature in the range of 30 ºC. It was noticeable that the production was higher the higher the ambient temperature.