Proposta de metodologia para posicionamento geográfico baseado em telemetria

Abstract

Telemetry is a technology that allows the measurement and communication of information of interest to the operator or system developer, that is, the transfer (via wireline or wireless) and the use of data from multiple remote machines. This technique of obtaining data that has its transmission from a remote point has become generalized over the last years to an increasing number of areas of application. However, in the area of engineering, which makes use of positioning techniques, is in deficit. This work proposes the creation of a low-cost prototype that uses telemetry technology that satisfies the precision already used in other positioning methods. The creation of the prototype was based on the concept of relative positioning, in which the coordinates of the vertex of interest are determined from one or more vertices of known coordinates. The proposal to use this technique as a positioning method is based on the concept where a triangulation calculation is performed between the points. However, in the proposed prototype, it is considered that there is a base with known a priori coordinates and a rover (mobile) in which it is desired to know its coordinates. In order to calculate the distance between the rover and the base, message exchanges are used, via telemetry. The rover will send a message to the base, which will return to the rover. In order for there to be precise control of sending and receiving, the messages sent by the rover will have a control code that will be received, processed and returned by the base. Through the time between the sending and receiving of the message (delay), by the rover, a function of conversion of the delay in distance is used. Having the distances of the rover with the bases, one can later calculate the position of interest. After the delay is obtained in the message exchange, the distance is calculated using a conversion function. However, there are several associated errors, and through the adjustment of the observations using the Least Square Method, a correction is proposed that fits the proposed methodology, which also serves for calibration of the telemetric prototype. The prototype works satisfactorily, sending and receiving messages, according to the proposed methodology, being possible to use a function of conversion of the delay to the distance, depending only on the calibration for authenticity of the data. The present work presents gaps that need to be worked on in the future, so it is intended to continue the study for possible improvements in the tool, and / or implementation in existing instruments.