Qualidade fisiológica e sanidade de sementes de cultivares de aveia branca em Itaqui – RS

Abstract

The oat is a species of cereal in progressive exploration in the country by providing diversification of production on farms, due to present a variety of purposes, such as green cover in winter, forage, hay, silage and grain production. Producers have the ability to save oat seeds to be sown in the next harvest, and in that sense, there is a need for studies on the quality of the seeds, including with respect to fungi transmitted by seeds. The objective was to evaluate the physiological quality, diversity and incidence of fungi served in oat cultivars seeds obtained from the harvest 2014 in Itaqui-RS, produced with and without application of fungicides during cultivation. The experiment to seed physiological quality was conducted in the laboratory class seeds, and sanitary quality of seeds in the didactic laboratory of plant pathology and soil microbiology, both located at the Federal University of Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Itaqui - RS. For the evaluation of seed physiological quality was accessed by germination, vigor (first count), and length of seedlings (roots and shoots). For evaluation of sanitary quality of the seeds was carried out seed health testing. It was observed the presence of genera of fungi: Alternaria alternata, Drechslera sp., Epicoccum sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Phoma sp., Curvularia sp., Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp. A. alternata occurs at higher incidence in white oat seeds, with and without fungicde application in the three cultivars. In terms of physiological seed quality cultivate Brisasul showed greater vigor and cultivate Torena lower germination and high seedling growth. Therefore, the fungicide application during the oat crop did not affect the vigor and germination, but increased the growth of the area and root seedlings. The fungicide application during the oat crop did not affect the diversity of fungi 9 served in harvested and stored seeds, but may have interfered in the incidence of these fungi.