Prevalência e perfil de sensibilidade de micro-organismos em unidade de terapia intensiva de hospital da fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Objectives: to identify the microorganisms isolated from patients admitted to the ICU of a Hospital da Fronteira Oeste and evaluate the susceptibility profile to antimicrobials, as well how to assess the overall consumption of these drugs in the unit. Methods: From data provided by the Infection Control Commission and the Information Technology sector institution, a retrospective descriptive documentary study was carried out in the period of August 2016 to July 2017, where the medical records of patients who performed the culture and antibiogram exams. Information regarding general consumption medicines in the unit were obtained from the dispensing pharmacy. Results: of the 280 patients admitted to the ICU, it was possible to identify that 74.3% use of some antimicrobial, although only 38.6% of patients were asked to culture examination to confirm infection. The clinical material most associated with culture request and antibiogram was urine. Respiratory infections were the most prevalent, followed by urinary tract and bloodstream infections. Micro- mostly isolated organisms were Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter spp .. All of these microorganisms are sensitive similar to carbapenems, except for Acinetobacter spp. which presents multiresistant isolates, with resistance to all carbapenems and most of the cephalosporins tested. Conclusion: there is a high consumption of antimicrobials and a deficit in the performance of culture tests. It is known that the performance of this test helps to guide the treatment of infections, and thus avoid the emergence of new resistant strains.