Elementos sociais, ambientais e de saúde: percepção dos escolares do meio rural

Abstract

The Occupational Health considers the health risks present in the workplace, to which workers are exposed. So, we need health care network with professionals prepared to act on the prevention of risks to which workers are exposed in the workplace. Nursing understands that, to watch and take care of a family of farm workers becomes relevant to know their specificities and differences in relation to urban families. The rural work is widely recognized for the high risk of causing health problems related to occupational exposures. The motivation for this topic was due to the action while on scholarship Surveillance Tutorial Education Program in Health with Emphasis in the Field of Occupational Health (PET VS). Thus, this study aimed to identify the perception of students about social elements, environmental and health in rural areas. This is a descriptive study of quantitative approach, a database part of a research carried out by PET VS. It was held in a school in the rural area of the municipality of Uruguaiana. The research participants were children and adolescents of school age residing in the rural area of the municipality. Data were collected from semi-structured and subjected to quantitative analysis interview, and used the frequency distribution analysis and descriptive analysis, frequency distribution consists of a systematic organization of numeric values and the descriptive is used to describe and summarize data through media and percentages. Data analyzed emerged two thematic categories: social and environmental elements of the rural population; and process of health and disease in rural population. The results show that the perception of the students towards the environment you live in and the perception of health and illness is important for us to understand the vulnerability of this population seeking understanding of the health problems related to health and the importance of a good quality of life. There is also the support needed, actions to promote health taking into account the specific characteristics of this community, which can be carried out with the collaboration of teachers. The relevance for nursing is to build their knowledge in view of the vulnerability of rural communities, thus contributing to promoting actions aimed at improving the quality of life.