Efeito de intra guiado por ultrassom percutâneo Injeção ovariana de cloreto de cálcio em ratos

Abstract

The overpopulation of free-roaming dogs and cats is a worldwide problem. These animals are subject to different types of situation, as well as providing greater circulation of zoonoses, which becomes a risk to public health. The main method of population control is the sterilization of animals, with surgical procedures (ovariohysterectomy and orchiectomy) being the most commonly performed. Thus, alternative methods of castration are being developed in order to reduce the costs and possible complications of the procedure, as well as to enable the large-scale use of alternative procedures in a manner that is safe and humane for animals. In this context, calcium chloride has already been tested for sterilization in male dogs and cats through its intra-testicular application, obtaining excellent results. The present study aimed to evaluate the viability and outcomes of the intraovarian application of calcium chloride in rats aiming at the induction of ovarian damage and, assessing its future potential for undertaking studies in bitches and queens. After standardizing the volume to be injected, 30 animals were divided into three groups: physiological saline solution (GC); 10% calcium chloride diluted with 95% ethanol (G1); 20% calcium chloride diluted with 95% ethanol (G2). The groups were subdivided into two evaluation times, 15 days (n = 5 of each group) and 30 days (n = 5 of each group). The estrous cycle of the animals was monitored daily until euthanasia using the cytology technique by vaginal lavage. To determine the ovarian measurements, ultrasound evaluations were performed in three moments: prior to the injection; immediately after application; and immediately after euthanasia. In addition, macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of the ovary was performed in order to identify possible lesions induced by the action of calcium chloride. In the present study, the use of calcium chloride diluted in 95% etanol demonstrated it to be a potential agent to induce ovarian damage in rats without clinical side effects. In addition, the ultrasound guided intra-ovarian percutaneous injection technique presented good results for application in rats.