Mapeamento de zonas potenciais à ocorrência de águas subterrâneas na porção nordeste do município de Caçapava do Sul: uma integração de SIG, sensoriamento remoto e análise multicritério

Abstract

The increasing demands for hidric resources, presses the brazilian society in sectoral conflicts between population, industry and agroindustry, as well between urban and interior regions. A commom solution in rural areas, aimed at meeting local water demands, is the usage of tabular wells, which can sometimes become burdensome if there is an ignorance of local geological and hydrogeological constraints. Inspired by this problem, this monography aims to provide a contribution towards the minimization of a scenario of uncertainties, having by area of study a territorial portion located northeast of the city of Caçapava do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, where there are the occurrences of tabular wells as the main means of human and animal watering. Using multispectral data from Landsat satellite, geological, hydrogeological and pedological sensors of the Research Company and Mineral Resources - CPRM, associated to the Multicriteria Analysis methodology, areas of higher and lower potentials were delimited in respect to the occurrence of groundwater. This methodology allowed the creation of maps with probabilistic potentials, determining which areas would be more prone or not to the placement of tabular wells. Therefore, this work has successfully contributed to delineate areas of groundwater potential occurrences, which can save time and financial resources to future wellsbuild-ups in the region.