Análise do transformador de estado sólido em substituição ao transformador convencional de redes de distribuição de energia para a conexão de sistemas de geração distribuída

Abstract

Due to increasing insertion of distributed generation in the electric power system, new technologies are necessary to guarantee the quality of electric energy. The concept of Smart Grids stands out because it provides an improvement by integrating distributed generation and control systems capable of communicating with each other. As a tool to make Smart Grids viable, the Solid State Transformer (SST) has been studied, capable to perform the same functions as the conventional distribution transformer (LFT – Low Frequency Transformer), as well as several auxiliary services that allow the required levels of quality to be achieved. Therefore, this work presents a review in order to present the characteristics of each transformer, as well as to present some works realized with SSTs in the distribution networks of electric energy. In addition, a methodology is proposed to enable the necessary tests to perform the replacement of conventional transformers by SSTs. For this, a modeling is presented to implement the SST in the OpenDSSr, as well as the elaboration of the Control Volt/VAr to control the reactive power of the SSTs. In addition, the analysis of the effect of the substitution of conventional transformers by the SSTs will be carried out, as well as the feasibility verification of the increase of load connections taking into account the reactive control capacity.