Ocorrência de mastite, seus agentes etiológicos e práticas de manejo sanitário realizado durante a ordenha em propriedades no município de Dom Pedrito - RS

Abstract

The present estudy aimed to assess the milking systems, the occurrence, etiology of clinical and subclinical mastitis, and the bacteriological quality of the milk storage tanks in six farms from the city of Dom Pedrito - RS, in the period from April to July 2014.Generally, the farms are known for its semi-extensive breeding, cattle herds of 100 animals at max, with daily production ranging from 6 to 18 litters of milk per cow. Also, all the farms are part of a milk gathering system of a regional cooperative. During the visits, the milking lines were examined and the "screened cup" test and CMT - California Mastitis Test - were made. It was also observed the hygienic handling of the facilities and through the milking process. After that, it was performed a survey with the workers about the whole process.The samples taken from the animals that presented modifications discovered in the "screened mug" test and that had a positive result in the CMT were collected aseptically in sterilized tubes, as well as the samples from the immersion tanks that were stored in isotherm refrigerated containers to be transported and sent to the Microbiology Laboratory of the Unipampa - Universidade Federal do Pampa, to be analyzed. The samples were subjected to microbiological tests for aerobic mesophilic count by standard plate count (CPP), determination of total coliforms (TC) and thermophilic (CTT) by the multiple tube technique (MPN) and subsequent bacterial identification. The occurrence of subclinical mastitis diagnosed by CMT in studied herds ranged between 0-55%, while clinical mastitis was (0 to 8.3%), while isolated Staphylococcus spp, Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp,, Moraxella sp, Pseudomonas spp, Flavobacterium sp. All properties were defective premises and or management held as: no waiting room for animals, providing feed during milking, use the same cloth for cleaning the pre dipping, as well as the lack of a clean place and dry which enabled feeding after milking. For the quality of milk stored in the tank only one property would be out of conformance advocated by presenting 62 IN CPP above 2x107. For PWN, these ranged from absent to CT for 1,1x104enquanto to CTT missing the 9,3x102 two properties. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that the failures of processes of care before, during and after milking may be associated with the occurrence of mastitis in herds analyzed and the quality of milk obtained.