Espécies utilizadas na medicina popular no município de Dom Pedrito sob os nomes vernáculos de "Garupá", "Guaçatumba" e "Poejo"

Abstract

Since the dawn of history, the man makes use of plants for subsistence, marketing and use for medicinal purposes. In Brazil plants are used since the preColumbian period, with the arrival of Europeans and later from other ethnic groups there was a mixture of races and also information on the use of plants. Given the above and understanding the importance of ethnobotany were studied three popular names well known by pedritense community, they are the following: “garupá”, “guaçatumba”, and “poejo”.The data were obtained between the months of January 2016 and April 2016. For the data was used the urban area of the municipality of Dom Pedrito, which has been subdivided into five sub-areas, and in each location were interviewed ten residents, totaling fifty respondents. The species treated under the name “garupá” is Aloysia gratissima ssp. Gratissima (Verbenaceae family), under the name “guaçatumba” were regarded the species Casearia sylvestris (Samydaceae family), and Cestrum cf. euanthes and C. cf. intermedium(Solanaceae family), and the name “poejo” was linked two species: Cunila fasciculate and C. microcephala (Lamiaceae family). Also in this sense, it is clear that its uses are traditionally passed from generation to generation, because the most of respondents exposed the use of the same plant species by their parents and grandparents. It was found that of 50 interviewed, 39 use the "Garupá" to treat some sort of disease, while 11 did not employ this plant. Based on interviews the main use of A. gratissima ssp. Gratissima is in the treatment of colds and flu (55%), cough (17%), stomach (4%), gastritis (1,67%), soothing (1,67%) and respiratory failure (1,67%) It is these uses according to the literature. For "guaçatumba" 41 respondents use the species Casearia sylvestris, but three surveyed, in turn, use two species of Cestrum. For C. sylvestris, 46% said their effectiveness in the treatment of insect bites, other uses are various aches (26%), sanitization of wounds (3,6%), decrease of joint swelling (3,6%), reduction of spots on the skin (1,8%), decongestant airway (1,8%), blood cleanser (1,8%), grub burn (1,8%), dogs bite (1,8%) bloodstream (1,8%) and cramps (1,8%). For the species Cestrum its use is to insect bites (67%), and alleviation of muscle pain (33%). As regards the use of "poejo", it was found that 34 respondents make use thereof for the treatment of any harm, being its main application in the treatment of cough (38%) still use in the treatment of cold symptoms ( 29%) and 8% report other matters, including, antipyretic, antispasmodic and stomach pain in newborns. Based on the data we found that the use of these plants are in line with that in the literature, except for the species of Cestrum they need without more study, in view of the lack of studies on the use with species of this genus.