Mensuração experimental da perda de carga localizada em conexões especiais de PVC soldável

Abstract

With the growth of the population and the lack of water sources to supply water demand, it was necessary to search for new ways to get water to the population's homes. In view of this, for a long time, experiences were elaborated to meet these needs, which allowed the improvement of the materials used, pipes and connections, thus generating greater versatility of the material. However, it was noticed that the connections had a considerably high value of loss of energy (load), which can thus hamper the perfect functioning of the system. The values for these energy losses are found in established norms and bibliographies, as is the case with the sphere record and the 90 ° knees, however, some connections do not have specified values, as is the case with the transposition curve connection. In this sense, the objective of the present work is to experimentally determine the value of the localized load loss in weldable PVC connections, being objects of study: 90 ° knee, ball registration and transposition curve. The diameters of 20 mm, 25 mm and 32 mm were used for the aforementioned connections except for the 90 ° knees, which only studied the diameter of 32 mm. The experimental values were verified for coefficients of loss of load, and equivalent length. At the end of the study, it was found for the 90 ° knee connection, that the values are consistent with those obtained in literature and according to the Empirical Equations and Theoretical Equation, being the one that best described the experiments, the Empirical Equation of Hazen-Williams. For the connection of the Sphere Log type, it was observed that the equation that best represented the values obtained in laboratories was that of Hazen-Williams. In relation to the bibliography data of equivalent lengths and load loss coefficients for this connection, it was verified that the observed values were lower, noting that it is possible to use the data of bibliography with safety for hydraulic sizing. For the transposition curve connection, the load losses resulted in significant values, indicating that these should be considered in sizing. However, there are no values found in standard for comparison.