Análise do desgaste abrasivo de peças agrícolas revestidas por diferentes processos de soldagem

Abstract

The process of manufacturing by welding had great impetus with the advent of the First and Second World War. Welding consists of the union of two materials that occurs due to the localized fusion, it can be realized with or without addition of material. This process is used in the permanent joining of metallic structures or parts, but in recent years it has been widely used as a coating of materials, through surface deposition of material. This method arises from the need to have parts with a surface that contain characteristics different from the rest of the component, which can withstand the designated working environment. The company LEZY of the city of Alegrete/RS is an agricultural industry that manufactures axial rotors widely used in rice harvesters, and welded applications of coating in these rotors seeking a greater durability of the same ones against the wear suffered by the husk of the rice. In the deposition of this coating, the company uses the SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding), however, it is a method that demands a long time for the need for constant electrode exchange, with this, the present work aims to compare this process used by the company, with GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) and FCAW (Flux Cared Arc Welding), methods that have continuous wire feed, and then less time to perform the coating, trying to maintain or better Solder qualities. The results were obtained from tests of microhardness, abrasion wear, micrographs obtained by the scanning electron microscope and dilution analysis. The tests and analyzes showed that the microhardness obtained by the FCAW was superior to the other two processes, but the wear by abrasion was smaller than the one performed with SMAW.