Análise da concentração na indústria automobilística no Brasil entre 2003-2015

Abstract

The Brazilian auto industry has always been important for a Brazilian economy over time, since its inception has been the subject of incentive policies dedicated to the sector. In order to discover the structure of the automobile and light commercial vehicle manufacturing industry, the research aims to analyze the concentration of the automotive industry from 2003 to 2015 to identify changes in the structure of the industry in the post-period of industrial policy (2003-2015). The theoretical framework used is based on the Paradigm Structure of Conduct and Performance, based on data obtained from the database of the National Association of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (ANFAVEA), Banco Comercial do Brasil and studies produced by various authors. Concentration Ratio (CR) and Hirchsman-Herfindal indexes (HH) were used to measure the degree of concentration in the industry. As a result, the analysis showed that the automotive industry benefited from a high degree of protectionism from its creation until the period of import substitution and trade liberalization. With the commercial opening, the problem of international competitiveness that it possessed was evident. In 2003, the newly-elected government ended the veto of industrial policy imposed by previous governments. When analyzing this context post 2003, the research verified that the structure remained as a differentiated oligopoly, the degree of concentration showed a slight decrease between 2003 and 2015, the conduct was based on product differentiation and investment in innovation and the performance also presented a fall.